Document Type
Article
Publication Date
8-11-2022
Abstract
Produced water (PW) generated from hydraulic fracturing operations contains varying amounts of crude oil, sand and dissolved ions, and is typically characterized as hyper-brine. It is often untreatable by existing desalination technologies. This study presents using the directional solvent extraction (DSE) technique to desalinate multiphasic, synthetic produced waters (SPW) using diisopropylamine (DIPA) as the extraction solvent and a ferrate pretreatment method. DSE with ferrate pretreatment achieved an average solvent efficiency of 0.25, 0.13 and 0.03 mL water/g solvent at 1 M, 2 M and 4 M salinity, respectively. The water extraction, turbidity reduction and salinity reduction efficiency were better for DSE with ferrate-pretreatment than compared to DSE alone. DSE's salt rejection rates in the product water were consistently over 95 %, while turbidity reduction was dependent on ferrate dosage used for pretreatment. This process costs an estimated $1.23 per m3 of water extracted from a 4 M brine for a single-pass operation with 95 % heat recoveries.
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2022.103053
Repository Citation
Thimons, Sean X.; Saxena, Shray; and Den, Walter, "Ferrate-Pretreated Directional Solvent Extraction for Hydraulic Fracturing Produced Water: Technical and Economic Feasibility Studies" (2022). Water Resources Science and Technology Faculty Publications. 22.
https://digitalcommons.tamusa.edu/water_faculty/22
Comments
This is the author accepted manuscript version of the final published article:
Thimons, S.X., S. Saxena, W. Den (2022). “Ferrate-Pretreated Directional Solvent Extraction for Hydraulic Fracturing Produced Water: Technical and Economic Feasibility Studies,” Journal of Water Processing Engineering 49, 103053.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2022.103053